The Matrix Model

Target Population

The Matrix Model is designed for adults with substance use disorders.

Dosage

Clients participate in treatment at least three hours a day, three days per week for 16 weeks. After this initial phase, treatment may be extended for up to 32 additional weeks through continuing care. Clients may participate in twice-weekly relapse prevention groups for up to 10 additional weeks and weekly social support groups for up to 32 additional weeks. Clients participate in ongoing weekly 12-step meetings. Weekly urine tests are used to monitor drug use.

Location/Delivery Setting

Recommended Locations/Delivery Settings

The Matrix Model treatment is typically delivered in outpatient clinics.

Education, Certifications and Training

CLARE|MATRIX provides 2-day core training workshops for clinicians on the Matrix Model. The workshops consist of an overview of the Matrix Model components, information on how to implement or adapt the Matrix Model, and experiential exercises. CLARE|MATRIX also provides training workshops for supervisors that focus on observations of sessions and use of fidelity instruments. Supervisors may participate in monthly or bi-monthly follow-on phone conversations to support their work for up to a year following training.

Treatment program sites are certified through the Matrix Model Certification Process. Certification provides the site with recognition that its treatment program meets clinical and structural fidelity to the Matrix Model. In order to qualify to be certified, a site must have a trained Matrix Model key supervisor and have been implementing the Matrix Model for at least 6 months.

Program or Service Documentation

Book/Manual/Available documentation used for review

Obert, J. L., Rawson, R. A., McCann, M. J., & Ling, W. (2014). The Matrix Model: Intensive outpatient alcohol & drug treatment program. Hazelden.

Available languages

The Matrix Model offers some materials in English, Spanish, Arabic, Persian, Armenian, Korean, and Russian.

For More Information

Website: https://www.clarematrix.org/

Phone: (310) 314-6200

Email: training@clarematrix.org

Note: The details on Dosage; Location; Education, Certifications, and Training; Other Supporting Materials; and For More Information sections above are provided to website users for informational purposes only. This information is not exhaustive and may be subject to change.

Results of Search and Review	Number of Studies Identified and Reviewed for The Matrix Model
Identified in Search	26
Eligible for Review	2
Rated High	0
Rated Moderate	1
Rated Low	1
Reviewed Only for Risk of Harm	0

Outcome	Effect Size and Implied Percentile Effect	N of Studies (Findings)	N of Participants	Summary of Findings
Adult well-being: Parent/caregiver substance use	0.10 3	1 (2)	85	Favorable: 0 No Effect: 2 Unfavorable: 0

Note: For the effect sizes and implied percentile effects reported in the table, a positive number favors the intervention group and a negative number favors the comparison group.

Outcome	Effect Size and Implied Percentile Effect	N of Studies (Findings)	N of Participants	Summary of Findings	Months after treatment when outcome measured
Adult well-being: Parent/caregiver substance use	0.10 3	1 (2)	85	Favorable: 0 No Effect: 2 Unfavorable: 0	-
Study 11118 - The Matrix Model vs. Other Community Resources (Rawson, 1995)
Grams of cocaine used/week	0.20 8	-	85	-	12
Number of cocaine use days	-0.01 0	-	85	-	12

*p <.05

Note: For the effect sizes and implied percentile effects reported in the table, a positive number favors the intervention group and a negative number favors the comparison group. Effect sizes and implied percentile effects were calculated by the Prevention Services Clearinghouse as described in the Handbook of Standards and Procedures, Section 5.10.4 and may not align with effect sizes reported in individual publications.

Only publications with eligible contrasts that met design and execution standards are included in the individual study findings table.

Full citations for the studies shown in the table are available in the "Studies Reviewed" section.

The participant characteristics display is an initial version. We encourage those interested in providing feedback to send suggestions to preventionservices@abtassoc.com.

The table below displays locations, the year, and participant demographics for studies that received moderate or high ratings on design and execution and that reported the information. Participant characteristics for studies with more than one intervention versus comparison group pair that received moderate or high ratings are shown separately in the table. Please note, the information presented here uses terminology directly from the study documents, when available. Studies that received moderate or high ratings on design and execution that did not include relevant participant demographic information would not be represented in this table.

For more information on how Clearinghouse reviewers record the information in the table, please see our Resource Guide on Study Participant Characteristics and Settings.

Characteristics of the Participants in the Studies with Moderate or High Ratings
Study Location	Study Year	Age or Grade-level	Race, Ethnicity, Nationality	Gender	Populations of Interest*	Household Socioeconomic Status
Study 11118 - The Matrix Model vs. Other Community Resources
Characteristics of the Adults, Parents, or Caregivers
California, USA	1989	Average age: 31 years	50% Caucasian 27% African American 23% Latin American	--	100% Abuse cocaine; Average grams of cocaine used per week: 5 grams; Average number of cocaine use days in previous 30 days: 10 days	--

“--” indicates information not reported in the study.

* The information about disabilities is based on initial coding. For more information on how the Clearinghouse recorded disability information for the initial release, please see our Resource Guide on Study Participant Characteristics and Settings. The Clearinghouse is currently seeking consultation from experts, including those with lived experience, and input from the public to enhance and improve the display.

Note: Citations for the documents associated with each 5-digit study number shown in the table can be found in the “Studies Reviewed” section below. Study settings and participant demographics are recorded for all studies that received moderate or high ratings on design and execution and that reported the information. Studies that did not report any information about setting or participant demographics are not displayed. For more information on how participant characteristics are recorded, please see our Resource Guide on Study Participant Characteristics and Settings.

Sometimes study results are reported in more than one document, or a single document reports results from multiple studies. Studies are identified below by their Prevention Services Clearinghouse study identification numbers. To receive a rating of supported or well-supported, the favorable evidence for a program or service must have been obtained from research conducted in a usual care or practice setting.

Studies Rated Moderate

Study 11118

Rawson, R. A., Shoptaw, S. J., Obert, J. L., McCann, M. J., Hasson, A. L., Marinelli-Casey, P. J., Brethen, P. R., & Ling, W. (1995). An intensive outpatient approach for cocaine abuse treatment. The Matrix model. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 12(2), 117-127.

This study was conducted in a usual care or practice setting (Handbook Section 6.2.2)

Studies Rated Low

Study 11105

Freese, T. E., Obert, J., Dickow, A., Cohen, J., & Lord, R. H. (2000). Methamphetamine abuse: Issues for special populations. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 32(2), 177-182.

Galloway, G. P., Marinelli-Casey, P., Stalcup, J., Lord, R., Christian, D., Cohen, J., Reiber, C., & Vandersloot, D. (2000). Treatment-as-usual in the methamphetamine treatment project. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 32(2), 165-175.

Huber, A., Lord, R. H., Gulati, V., Marinelli-Casey, P., Rawson, R., & Ling, W. (2000). The CSAT methamphetamine treatment program: Research design accommodations for "real world" application. Journal of Psychoactive drugs, 32(2), 149-156.

Reiber, C., Galloway, G., Cohen, J., Hsu, J. C., & Lord, R. H. (2000). A descriptive analysis of participant characteristics and patterns of substance use in the CSAT methamphetamine treatment project: The first six months. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 32(2), 183-191.

Zweben, J. E., Cohen, J. B., Obert, J., Vandersloot, D., & Marinelli-Casey, P. (2000). Conducting trials in community settings: The provider perspective. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 32(2), 193-199.

Obert, J. L., London, E. D., & Rawson, R. A. (2002). Incorporating brain research findings into standard treatment: An example using the Matrix Model. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 23(2), 107-113.

Rawson, R. A., Marinelli-Casey, P., Anglin, M. D., Dickow, A., Frazier, Y., Gallagher, C., Galloway, G. P., Herrell, J., Huber, A., McCann, M. J., Obert, J., Pennell, S., Reiber, C., Vandersloot, D., & Zweben, J. (2004). A multi-site comparison of psychosocial approaches for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 99(6), 708-717.

Obert, J. L., Brown, A. H., Zweben, J., Christian, D., Delmhorst, J., Minsky, S., Morrisey, P., Vandersloot, D., & Weiner, A. (2005). When treatment meets research: Clinical perspectives from the CSAT Methamphetamine Treatment Project. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 28(3), 231-237.

Rawson, R. A., Gonzales, R., Pearce, V., Ang, A., Marinelli-Casey, P., & Brummer, J. (2008). Methamphetamine dependence and human immunodeficiency virus risk behavior. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 35(3), 279-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2007.11.003

This study received a low rating because baseline equivalence of the intervention and comparison groups was necessary and not demonstrated.

Studies Not Eligible for Review

Study 11099

Bottlender, M., & Soyka, M. (2005). Efficacy of an intensive outpatient rehabilitation program in alcoholism: Predictors of outcome 6 months after treatment. European Addiction Research, 11(3), 132-137.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11100

Brand, M., Rojas, J., Fareed, S., & Koos, E. (2013). ExecuCare: Outpatient treatment for impaired professionals. Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 12(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0b013e318246f4c6

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11101

Carrico, A. W., Flentje, A., Gruber, V. A., Woods, W. J., Discepola, M. V., Dilworth, S. E., Neilands, T. B., Jain, J., & Siever, M. D. (2014). Community-based harm reduction substance abuse treatment with methamphetamine-using men who have sex with men. Journal of Urban Health, 91(3), 555-567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-014-9870-y

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11102

Donovan, D. M., Daley, D. C., Brigham, G. S., Hodgkins, C. C., Perl, H. I., Garrett, S. B., Doyle, S. R., Floyd, A. S., Knox, P. C., Botero, C., Kelly, T. M., Killeen, T. K., Hayes, C., Kau'i Baumhofer, N., Seamans, C., & Zammarelli, L. (2013). Stimulant abuser groups to engage in 12-step: A multisite trial in the National Institute on Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 44(1), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2012.04.004

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11103

Doumas, D. M., Blasey, C. M., & Thacker, C. L. (2005). Attrition from alcohol and drug outpatient treatment: Psychological distress and interpersonal problems as indicators. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 23(4), 55-67. https://doi.org/10.1300/J020v23n04_04

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11104

Freedle, L. R., Altschul, D. B., & Freedle, A. (2015). The role of sandplay therapy in the treatment of adolescents and young adults with co-occurring substance use disorders and trauma. Journal of Sandplay Therapy, 24(2), 127-145.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11106

Gottheil, E., Weinstein, S. P., Sterling, R. C., Lundy, A., & Serota, R. D. (1998). A randomized controlled study of the effectiveness of intensive outpatient treatment for cocaine dependence. Psychiatric Services, 49(6), 782-787.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11107

Gouse, H., Magidson, J. F., Burnhams, W., Remmert, J. E., Myers, B., Joska, J. A., & Carrico, A. W. (2016). Implementation of cognitive-behavioral substance abuse treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Treatment engagement and abstinence at treatment exit. PloS ONE, 11(1), e0147900. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147900

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11108

Hill, E., Gomez, E., & Jeppesen, G. L. (2007). Adolescent resiliency: A multidisciplinary approach. Annual in Therapeutic Recreation, 15, 59-73.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11109

Levine, H. J., Turner, W., Reif, S., Janas, D., & Gastfriend, D. R. (2003). Determining service variations between and within ASAM levels of care. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 22(Suppl 1), 9-25.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11110

Magidson, J. F., Gouse, H., Burnhams, W., Wu, C. Y. Y., Myers, B., Joska, J. A., & Carrico, A. W. (2017). Beyond methamphetamine: Documenting the implementation of the Matrix model of substance use treatment for opioid users in a South African setting. Addictive Behaviors, 66, 132-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.11.014

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11111

Masaeli, N., Zarkob, H., Kheirabadi, G., Soleimani, N., & Amini, M. (2018). The effect of Matrix Model on depression, anxiety, and quality of life in methamphetamine users and their caregivers. Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment, 17(4), 186-190. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0000000000000136

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11112

McLellan, A. T., Hagan, T. A., Meyers, K., Randall, M., & Durell, J. (1997). "Intensive" outpatient substance abuse treatment: Comparisons with "traditional" outpatient treatment. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 16(2), 57-84.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11113

Miotto, K., Hillhouse, M., Donovick, R., Cunningham-Rathner, J., Charuvastra, C., Torrington, M., Esagoff, A. E., & Ling, W. (2012). Comparison of buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence in 3 settings. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 6(1), 68-76. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0b013e318233d621

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11114

Mitchell, S. G., Gryczynski, J., Schwartz, R. P., O'Grady, K. E., Olsen, Y. K., & Jaffe, J. H. (2013). A randomized trial of intensive outpatient (IOP) vs. standard outpatient (OP) buprenorphine treatment for African Americans. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 128(3), 222-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.027

Mitchell, S. G., Gryczynski, J., Kelly, S. M., O'Grady, K. E., Jaffe, J. H., Olsen, Y. K., & Schwartz, R. P. (2014). Treatment outcomes of African American buprenorphine patients by parole and probation status. Journal of Drug Issues, 44(1), 69-82.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11115

Morgenstern, J., Bux, D. A., Labouvie, E., Morgan, T., Blanchard, K. A., & Muench, F. (2003). Examining mechanisms of action in 12-Step community outpatient treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 72(3), 237-247.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11116

Mousavi, S. G., Sharbafchi, M. R., Salehi, M., Peykanpour, M., Karimian Sichani, N., & Maracy, M. (2015). The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence: A double-blind controlled, crossover study. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 18(1), 28-33. https://doi.org/0151801/AIM.008

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11117

Perngparn, U., Limanonda, B., Aramrattana, A., Pilley, C., Areesantichai, C., & Taneepanichskul, S. (2011). Methamphetamine dependence treatment rehabilitation in Thailand: A model assessment. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 94(1), 110-117.

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11119

Rychtarik, R. G., Connors, G. J., Whitney, R. B., McGillicuddy, N. B., Fitterling, J. M., & Wirtz, P. W. (2000). Treatment settings for persons with alcoholism: Evidence for matching clients to inpatient versus outpatient care. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(2), 277-289.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11120

Shoptaw, S., Rawson, R. A., McCann, M. J., & Obert, J. L. (1994). The Matrix model of outpatient stimulant abuse treatment: Evidence of efficacy. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 13(4), 129-141.

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11121

Spinola, S., Park, A., Maisto, S. A., & Chung, T. (2017). Motivation Precedes Goal Setting in Prediction of Cannabis Treatment Outcomes in Adolescents. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 26(2), 132-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2016.1237917

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11122

Sweeney, P. J., Schwartz, R. M., Mattis, N. G., & Vohr, B. (2000). The effect of integrating substance abuse treatment with prenatal care on birth outcome. Journal of Perinatology, 20(4), 219-224.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11123

Timko, C., Sempel, J. M., & Moos, R. H. (2003). Models of standard and intensive outpatient care in substance abuse and psychiatric treatment. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 30(5), 417-436.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11124

Weinstein, S. P., Gottheil, E., & Sterling, R. C. (1997). Randomized comparison of intensive outpatient vs. individual therapy for cocaine abusers. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 16(2), 41-56.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).