Assertive Community Treatment

Target Population

ACT is designed for individuals with severe and persistent mental illness.

Dosage

ACT teams deliver services in-person to consumers, averaging approximately two or more hours of services across four or more contacts per week. Teams typically meet daily to discuss consumer needs and functioning, tailoring services accordingly. Caseloads are small, with a typical staff-to-consumer ratio of approximately 1:10. The team works together to ensure consumers receive needed services. The team provides services for as long as consumers need.

Location/Delivery Setting

Recommended Locations/Delivery Settings

ACT teams deliver services in-person in the home and in community settings, using inpatient and outpatient mental health and medical facilities as needed.

Education, Certifications and Training

Transdisciplinary teams of mental health and rehabilitation professionals deliver ACT. A typical team includes the following roles: (1) at least one licensed and board certified or board eligible psychiatrist or other professional who can prescribe medications; (2) a team leader; who is a psychiatrist or practicing clinician with at least a master’s degree in nursing, social work, psychiatric rehabilitation, or psychology; (3) case managers, who should be mental health professionals; (4) nurses, often psychiatric nurses, who must be qualified to administer and document medication treatment(s); (5) an employment specialist, who typically has at least one year of specialized training or supervised experience; (6) a substance abuse specialist, who typically has at least one year of specialized training or supervised experience; (7) a peer specialist who has a serious mental illness and is a current or former recipient of mental health services; and (8) a program assistant, who provides assistance with office management and triage. An individual staff member may fulfill one or more team roles, such as a case manager who is also qualified to provide employment specialist services. 

Recommended training includes completing the Training Frontline Staff workbook, observing an experienced ACT team, and a 2–3-day training with an external trainer capable of introducing ACT principles, processes, and skills.

Program or Service Documentation

Book/Manual/Available documentation used for review

Center for Mental Health Services. (2008). Assertive Community Treatment: Building your program (DHHS Publication No. SMA-08-4344). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/buildingyourprogram-act_1.pdf

Available languages

ACT materials are available in English.

Other supporting materials

Center for Mental Health Services. (2008). Assertive Community Treatment: How to use the evidence-based practices KITs (DHHS Publication No. SMA-08-4344). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/SAMHSA_Digital_Download/howtouseebpkits-act_0.pdf

Center for Mental Health Services. (2008). Assertive Community Treatment: Getting started with EBPs (DHHS Publication No. SMA-08-4344). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/gettingstarted-act_1.pdf

Center for Mental Health Services. (2008). Assertive Community Treatment: Training frontline staff (DHHS Publication No. SMA-08-4344). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/SAMHSA_Digital_Download/trainingfrontlinestaff-act_1.pdf

Center for Mental Health Services. (2008). Assertive Community Treatment: Evaluating your program (DHHS Publication No. SMA-08-4344). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/SAMHSA_Digital_Download/evaluatingyourprogram-act_1.pdf

For More Information

Website: https://store.samhsa.gov/product/Assertive-Community-Treatment-ACT-Evidence-Based-Practices-EBP-KIT/SMA08-4344

Note: The details on Dosage; Location; Education, Certifications, and Training; Other Supporting Materials; and For More Information sections above are provided to website users for informational purposes only. This information is not exhaustive and may be subject to change.

Results of Search and Review	Number of Studies Identified and Reviewed for Assertive Community Treatment
Identified in Search	128
Eligible for Review	3
Rated High	0
Rated Moderate	1
Rated Low	2
Reviewed Only for Risk of Harm	0

Outcome	Effect Size and Implied Percentile Effect	N of Studies (Findings)	N of Participants	Summary of Findings
Adult well-being: Parent/caregiver criminal behavior	-0.04 -1	1 (2)	900	Favorable: 0 No Effect: 2 Unfavorable: 0

Note: For the effect sizes and implied percentile effects reported in the table, a positive number favors the intervention group and a negative number favors the comparison group.

Outcome	Effect Size and Implied Percentile Effect	N of Studies (Findings)	N of Participants	Summary of Findings	Months after treatment when outcome measured
Adult well-being: Parent/caregiver criminal behavior	-0.04 -1	1 (2)	900	Favorable: 0 No Effect: 2 Unfavorable: 0	-
Study 11885 - Program Assertive Community Treatment (PACT) vs. Prior State Hospital Use (Usual Care) (Morrissey, 2013)
Individuals With Any Arrest (%)	-0.02 0	-	900	-	0
Arrests (Number)	-0.05 -1	-	900	-	0

*p <.05

Note: For the effect sizes and implied percentile effects reported in the table, a positive number favors the intervention group and a negative number favors the comparison group. Effect sizes and implied percentile effects were calculated by the Prevention Services Clearinghouse as described in the Handbook of Standards and Procedures, Section 5.10.4 and may not align with effect sizes reported in individual publications.

Only publications with eligible contrasts that met design and execution standards are included in the individual study findings table.

Full citations for the studies shown in the table are available in the "Studies Reviewed" section.

The participant characteristics display is an initial version. We encourage those interested in providing feedback to send suggestions to preventionservices@abtglobal.com.

The table below displays locations, the year, and participant demographics for studies that received moderate or high ratings on design and execution and that reported the information. Participant characteristics for studies with more than one intervention versus comparison group pair that received moderate or high ratings are shown separately in the table. Please note, the information presented here uses terminology directly from the study documents, when available. Studies that received moderate or high ratings on design and execution that did not include relevant participant demographic information would not be represented in this table.

For more information on how Clearinghouse reviewers record the information in the table, please see our Resource Guide on Study Participant Characteristics and Settings.

Characteristics of the Participants in the Studies with Moderate or High Ratings
Study Location	Study Year	Age or Grade-level	Race, Ethnicity, Nationality	Gender	Populations of Interest*	Household Socioeconomic Status
Study 11885 - Program Assertive Community Treatment (PACT) vs. Prior State Hospital Use (Usual Care)
Characteristics of the Adults, Parents, or Caregivers
Washington, USA	2007	Average age: 41 years	78% White 14% African American 4% Asian 3% Latino 2% Other race 2% Native American	60% Male 39% Female	97% Diagnosis of schizophrenia; 72% Affective disorder; 54% Substance use disorder	--

“--” indicates information not reported in the study.

* The information about disabilities is based on initial coding. For more information on how the Clearinghouse recorded disability information for the initial release, please see our Resource Guide on Study Participant Characteristics and Settings. The Clearinghouse is currently seeking consultation from experts, including those with lived experience, and input from the public to enhance and improve the display.

Note: Citations for the documents associated with each 5-digit study number shown in the table can be found in the “Studies Reviewed” section below. Study settings and participant demographics are recorded for all studies that received moderate or high ratings on design and execution and that reported the information. Studies that did not report any information about setting or participant demographics are not displayed. For more information on how participant characteristics are recorded, please see our Resource Guide on Study Participant Characteristics and Settings.

Sometimes study results are reported in more than one document, or a single document reports results from multiple studies. Studies are identified below by their Prevention Services Clearinghouse study identification numbers. To receive a rating of supported or well-supported, the favorable evidence for a program or service must have been obtained from research conducted in a usual care or practice setting.

Studies Rated Moderate

Study 11885

Domino, M. E., Morrissey, J. P., & Cuddeback, G. S. (2013). The effectiveness of recovery-oriented ACT in reducing hospital use: Do effects vary over time? Psychiatric Services, 64(4), 312-317. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201200096

Morrissey, J. P., Domino, M. E., & Cuddeback, G. S. (2013). Assessing the effectiveness of recovery-oriented ACT in reducing state psychiatric hospital use. Psychiatric Services, 64(4), 303-311. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201200095

Cuddeback, G. S., Morrissey, J. P., Domino, M. E., Monroe-DeVita, M., Teague, G. B., & Moser, L. L. (2013). Fidelity to recovery-oriented ACT practices and consumer outcomes. Psychiatric Services, 64(4), 318-323. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201200097

Bjorklund, R. W., Monroe-DeVita, M., Reed, D., Toulon, A., & Morse, G. (2009). State mental health policy: Washington state's initiative to disseminate and implement high-fidelity ACT teams. Psychiatric Services, 60(1), 24-27. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2009.60.1.24

This study was conducted in a usual care or practice setting (Handbook Section 6.2.2)

Studies Rated Low

Study 11939

Lafave, H. G., de Souza, H. R., & Gerber, G. J. (1996). Assertive Community Treatment of severe mental illness: A Canadian experience. Psychiatric Services, 47(7), 757-759. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.47.7.757

This study received a low rating because it did not meet design confound standards.
Study 11944

Lehman, A. F., Dixon, L. B., Kernan, E., DeForge, B. R., & Postrado, L. T. (1997). A randomized trial of Assertive Community Treatment for homeless persons with severe mental illness. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54(11), 1038-1043. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830230076011

Lehman, A. F., Dixon, L., Hoch, J. S., Deforge, B., Kernan, E., & Frank, R. (1999). Cost-effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment for homeless persons with severe mental illness. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 174, 346-352. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.174.4.346

This study received a low rating because baseline equivalence of the intervention and comparison groups was necessary and not demonstrated.

Studies Not Eligible for Review

Study 11836

Aagaard, J., & Nielsen, J. A. (2004). Experience from the first ACT programme in Denmark. I. Baseline evaluation 1981-2000. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 58(2), 165-169. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039480410005567

Aagaard, J., & Müller-Nielsen, K. (2011). Clinical outcome of Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) in a rural area in Denmark: A case-control study with a 2-year follow-up. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 65(5), 299-305. https://doi.org/10.3109/08039488.2010.544405

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11838

Aagaard, J., Tuszewski, B., & Kølbæk, P. (2017). Does Assertive Community Treatment reduce the use of compulsory admissions? Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31(6), 641-646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2017.07.008

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11839

Aberg-Wistedt, A., Cressell, T., Lidberg, Y., Liljenberg, B., & Osby, U. (1995). Two-year outcome of team-based intensive case management for patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatric Services, 46(12), 1263-1266. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.46.12.1263

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11840

Alameda, L., Golay, P., Baumann, P., Morandi, S., Ferrari, C., Conus, P., & Bonsack, C. (2016). Assertive outreach for "difficult to engage" patients: A useful tool for a subgroup of patients in specialized early psychosis intervention programs. Psychiatry Research, 239, 212-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.03.010

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11841

Appel, P. W., Tsemberis, S., Joseph, H., Stefancic, A., & Lambert-Wacey, D. (2012). Housing First for severely mentally ill homeless methadone patients. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 31(3), 270-277. https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2012.694602

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11843

Aubry, T., Bourque, J., Goering, P., Crouse, S., Veldhuizen, S., LeBlanc, S., Cherner, R., Bourque, P.-É., Pakzad, S., & Bradshaw, C. (2019). A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of Housing First in a small Canadian city. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7492-8

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11844

Barbic, S., Krupa, T., & Armstrong, I. (2009). A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of a modified recovery workbook program: Preliminary findings. Psychiatric Services, 60(4), 491-497. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.60.4.491

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11845

Barrett, B., Young, M. S., Teague, G. B., Winarski, J. T., Moore, K. A., & Ochshorn, E. (2010). Recovery orientation of treatment, consumer empowerment, and satisfaction with services: A mediational model. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 34(2), 153-156. https://doi.org/10.2975/34.2.2010.153.156

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11846

Barry, K. L., Zeber, J. E., Blow, F. C., & Valenstein, M. (2003). Effect of strengths model versus Assertive Community Treatment model on participant outcomes and utilization: Two-year follow-up. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 26(3), 268-277. https://doi.org/10.2975/26.2003.268.277

Blow, F. C., Ullman, E., Lawton Barry, K., Bingham, C. R., Copeland, L. A., McCormick, R., & Van Stone, W. (2000). Effectiveness of specialized treatment programs for veterans with serious and persistent mental illness: A three-year follow-up. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 70(3), 389-400. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0087648

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11847

Bartholomew, N. R., Morgan, R. D., Mitchell, S. M., & Van Horn, S. A. (2018). Criminal thinking, psychiatric symptoms, and recovery attitudes among community mental health patients: An examination of program placement. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 45(2), 195-213. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854817734007

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11848

Ben-Zeev, D., Buck, B., Meller, S., Hudenko, W. J., & Hallgren, K. A. (2020). Augmenting evidence-based care with a texting mobile interventionist: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Psychiatric Services, 71(12), 1218-1224. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.202000239

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11849

Block, A., Braucht, G. N., Crispino, R., Drake, R. E., Essock, S. M., Hough, R., Kirby, M. W., Jr., Krueger, C., Nachison, J., Robertson, M., Sacks, S., & Staines, G. (1997). CMHS/CSAT collaborative demonstration program for homeless individuals. Journal of Social Distress & the Homeless, 6(4), 261-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02938595

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11852

Bond, G. R., Witheridge, T. F., Dincin, J., Wasmer, D., Webb, J., & De Graaf-Kaser, R. (1990). Assertive Community Treatment for frequent users of psychiatric hospitals in a large city: A controlled study. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18(6), 865-891. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00938068

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11853

Bond, G. R., McDonel, E. C., Miller, L. D., & Pensec, M. (1991). Assertive Community Treatment and reference groups: An evaluation of their effectiveness for young adults with serious mental illness and substance abuse problems. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 15(2), 31-43. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0095785

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11854

Bond, G. R., Pensec, M., Dietzen, L., McCafferty, D., Giemza, R., & Sipple, H. W. (1991). Intensive case management for frequent users of psychiatric hospitals in a large city: A comparison of team and individual caseloads. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 15(1), 90-98. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0095796

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11855

Botha, U. A., Koen, L., Joska, J. A., Hering, L. M., & Oosthuizen, P. P. (2010). Assessing the efficacy of a modified assertive community-based treatment programme in a developing country. BMC Psychiatry, 10, Article 73. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-10-73

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11857

Braucht, G. N., Reichardt, C. S., Geissler, L. J., Bormann, C. A., Kwiatkowski, C. F., & Kirby, M. W., Jr. (1995). Effective services for homeless substance abusers. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 14(4), 87-109. https://doi.org/10.1300/j069v14n04_06

Kirby, M. W., & Braucht, G. N. (1993). Intensive case management for homeless people with alcohol and other drug problems: Denver. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 10(3-4), 187-200. https://doi.org/10.1300/J020V10N03_15

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11858

Brewer, W. J., Lambert, T. J., Witt, K., Dileo, J., Duff, C., Crlenjak, C., McGorry, P. D., & Murphy, B. P. (2015). Intensive case management for high-risk patients with first-episode psychosis: Service model and outcomes. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00127-8

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11863

Calsyn, R. J., Morse, G. A., Klinkenberg, W. D., Trusty, M. L., & Allen, G. (1998). The impact of Assertive Community Treatment on the social relationships of people who are homeless and mentally ill. Community Mental Health Journal, 34(6), 579-593. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018711001348

Morse, G. A., Calsyn, R. J., Klinkenberg, W. D., Trusty, M. L., Gerber, F., Smith, R., Tempelhoff, B., & Ahmad, L. (1997). An experimental comparison of three types of case management for homeless mentally ill persons. Psychiatric Services, 48(4), 497-503. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.4.497

Calsyn, R. J., Morse, G. A., Klinkenberg, W. D., Yonker, R. D., & Trusty, M. L. (2002). Moderators and mediators of client satisfaction in case management programs for clients with severe mental illness. Mental Health Services Research, 4(4), 267-275. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020933103412

Kenny, D. A., Calsyn, R. J., Morse, G. A., Klinkenberg, W. D., Winter, J. P., & Trusty, M. L. (2004). Evaluation of treatment programs for persons with severe mental illness: Moderator and mediator effects. Evaluation Review, 28(4), 294-324. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X04264701

Burger, G. K., Calsyn, R. J., Morse, G. A., & Klinkenberg, W. D. (2000). Prototypical profiles of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 75(3), 373-386. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327752JPA7503_02

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11865

Calsyn, R. J., Morse, G. A., Klinkenberg, W. D., & Lemming, M. R. (2004). Client outcomes and the working alliance in Assertive Community Treatment programs. Care Management Journals, 5(4), 199-202. https://doi.org/10.1891/cmaj.2004.5.4.199

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11869

Chandler, D., & Spicer, G. (2002). Capitated Assertive Community Treatment program savings: System implications. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 30(1), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021254615844

This study is ineligible for review because it does not report program or service impacts on an eligible target outcome (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.5).

Study 11871

Clark, C., Guenther, C. C., & Mitchell, J. N. (2016). Case management models in permanent supported housing programs for people with complex behavioral issues who are homeless. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 12(2), 185-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2016.1176852

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11872

Clark, R. E., Teague, G. B., Ricketts, S. K., Bush, P. W., Xie, H., McGuire, T. G., Drake, R. E., McHugo, G. J., Keller, A. M., & Zubkoff, M. (1998). Cost-effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment versus standard case management for persons with co-occurring severe mental illness and substance use disorders. Health Services Research, 33(5 Part 1), 1285-1308. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1070317/

Drake, R. E., McHugo, G. J., Clark, R. E., Teague, G. B., Xie, H., Miles, K., & Ackerson, T. H. (1998). Assertive Community Treatment for patients with co-occurring severe mental illness and substance use disorder: A clinical trial. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 68(2), 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080330

Xie, H., McHugo, G., Sengupta, A., Hedeker, D., & Drake, R. (2001). An application of the thresholds of change model to the analysis of mental health data. Mental Health Services Research, 3(2), 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1011569119461

Xie, H., McHugo, G., Sengupta, A., Clark, R., & Drake, R. (2004). A method for analyzing longitudinal outcomes with many zeros. Mental Health Services Research, 6(4), 239-246. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:mhsr.0000044749.39484.1b

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11873

Clarke, G. N., Herinckx, H. A., Kinney, R. F., Paulson, R. I., Cutler, D. L., Lewis, K., & Oxman, E. (2000). Psychiatric hospitalizations, arrests, emergency room visits, and homelessness of clients with serious and persistent mental illness: Findings from a randomized trial of two ACT programs vs. usual care. Mental Health Services Research, 2(3), 155-164. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1010141826867

Herinckx, H. A., Kinney, R. F., Clarke, G. N., & Paulson, R. I. (1997). Assertive Community Treatment versus usual care in engaging and retaining clients with severe mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 48(10), 1297-1306. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.10.1297

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11875

Cosden, M., Ellens, J. K., Schnell, J. L., Yamini-Diouf, Y., & Wolfe, M. M. (2003). Evaluation of a mental health treatment court with Assertive Community Treatment. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 21(4), 415-427. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.542

Cosden, M., Ellens, J., Schnell, J., & Yamini-Diouf, Y. (2005). Efficacy of a mental health treatment court with Assertive Community Treatment. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 23(2), 199-214. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.638

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11877

Jerrell, J. M., & Ridgely, M. S. (1997). Dual diagnosis care for severe and persistent disorders. A comparison of three methods. Behavioral Healthcare Tomorrow, 6(3), 26-33. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10173086/

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11880

Davis, K., Fallon, J., Vogel, S., & Teachout, A. (2008). Integrating into the mental health system from the criminal justice system: Jail aftercare services for persons with a severe mental illness. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 46(3-4), 217-231. https://doi.org/10.1080/10509670802143599

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11881

Dekker, J., Wijdenes, W., Koning, Y. A., Gardien, R., Hermandes-Willenborg, L., & Nusselder, H. (2002). Assertive Community Treatment in Amsterdam. Community Mental Health Journal, 38(5), 425-434. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1019816613834

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11883

Dietzen, L. L., & Bond, G. R. (1993). Relationship between case manager contact and outcome for frequently hospitalized psychiatric clients. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 44(9), 839-843. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.44.9.839

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11884

Dixon, L., Friedman, N., & Lehman, A. (1993). Compliance of homeless mentally ill persons with Assertive Community Treatment. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 44(6), 581-583. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.44.6.581

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11887

Drukker, M., van Os, J., Sytema, S., Driessen, G., Visser, E., & Delespaul, P. (2011). Function Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) and psychiatric service use in patients diagnosed with severe mental illness. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 20(3), 273-278. https://doi.org/10.1017/s2045796011000369

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11888

Drummond, C., Gilburt, H., Burns, T., Copello, A., Crawford, M., Day, E., Deluca, P., Godfrey, C., Parrott, S., Rose, A., Sinclair, J., & Coulton, S. (2017). Assertive Community Treatment for people with alcohol dependence: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 52(2), 234-241. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agw091

Gilburt, H., Burns, T., Copello, A., Coulton, S., Crawford, M., Day, E., Deluca, P., Godfrey, C., Parrott, S., Rose, A. K., Sinclair, J. M. A., Wright, C., & Drummond, C. (2012). Assertive Community Treatment for Alcohol Dependence (ACTAD): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials, 13, Article 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-13-19

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11889

Ecker, J., Aubry, T., Wasylenki, D., Pettey, D., Krupa, T., & Rush, B. (2012). Predicting alcohol use and drug use among consumers of community mental health programs. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 8(3), 188-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2012.697861

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11890

Essock, S. M., & Kontos, N. (1995). Implementing Assertive Community Treatment teams. Psychiatric Services, 46(7), 679-683. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.46.7.679

Essock, S. M., Frisman, L. K., & Kontos, N. J. (1998). Cost-effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment teams. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 68(2), 179-190. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0080328

This study is ineligible for review because it does not report program or service impacts on an eligible target outcome (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.5).

Study 11891

Essock, S. M., Mueser, K. T., Drake, R. E., Covell, N. H., McHugo, G. J., Frisman, L. K., Kontos, N. J., Jackson, C. T., Townsend, F., & Swain, K. (2006). Comparison of ACT and standard case management for delivering integrated treatment for co-occurring disorders. Psychiatric Services, 57(2), 185-196. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.57.2.185

Manuel, J. I., Covell, N. H., Jackson, C. T., & Essock, S. M. (2011). Does Assertive Community Treatment increase medication adherence for people with co-occurring psychotic and substance use disorders? Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 17(1), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390310395586

Frisman, L. K., Mueser, K. T., Covell, N. H., Lin, H.-J., Crocker, A., Drake, R. E., & Essock, S. M. (2009). Use of integrated dual disorder treatment via Assertive Community Treatment versus clinical case management for persons with co-occurring disorders and antisocial personality disorder. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 197(11), 822-828. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181beac52

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11892

Fekete, D. M., Bond, G. R., McDonel, E. C., Salyers, M., Chen, A., & Miller, L. (1998). Rural Assertive Community Treatment: A field experiment. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 21(4), 371-379. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0095286

McDonel, E. C., Bond, G. R., Salyers, M., Fekete, D., Chen, A., McGrew, J. H., & Miller, L. (1997). Implementing Assertive Community Treatment programs in rural settings. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 25(2), 153-173. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022286921362

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11895

Ford, R., Ryan, P., Norton, P., & Beadsmore, A. (1996). Does intensive care management work? Clinical, social and quality of life outcomes form a controlled study. Journal of Mental Health, 5(4), 361-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638239619275

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11896

Ford, R., Ryan, P., Beadsmoore, A., Craig, T., & Muijen, M. (1997). Intensive case management for people with serious mental illness—Site 2: Clinical and social outcome. Journal of Mental Health, 6(2), 181-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638239718941

Ford, R., Raftery, J., Ryan, P., Beadsmoore, A., Craig, T., & Muijen, M. (1997). Intensive case management for people with serious mental illness—Site 2: Cost-effectiveness. Journal of Mental Health, 6(2), 191-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638239718950

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11898

Furlong, M., McCoy, M. L. T., Dincin, J., Clay, R., McClory, K., & Pavick, D. (2002). Jobs for people with the most severe psychiatric disorders: Thresholds Bridge North pilot. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 26(1), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.2975/26.2002.13.22

Furlong, M., Leddy, J., Ferguson, J., & Heart, K. (2009). Assertive Community Treatment and recovery at Thresholds. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 12(2), 108-123. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487760902812998

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11899

Galon, P., & Wineman, N. M. (2011). Quasi-experimental comparison of coercive interventions on client outcomes in individuals with severe and persistent mental illness. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 25(6), 404-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2010.10.004

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11901

Goering, P., Durbin, J., Sheldon, C. T., Ochocka, J., Nelson, G., & Krupa, T. (2006). Who uses consumer-run self-help organizations? The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(3), 367-373. https://doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.76.3.367

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11902

Gold, P. B., Macias, C., & Rodican, C. F. (2016). Does competitive work improve quality of life for adults with severe mental illness? Evidence from a randomized trial of supported employment. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 43(2), 155-171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-014-9392-0

Macias, C., DeCarlo, L. T., Wang, Q., Frey, J., & Barreira, P. (2001). Work interest as a predictor of competitive employment: Policy implications for psychiatric rehabilitation. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 28(4), 279-297. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1011185513720

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11903

Granholm, E., Holden, J. L., Sommerfeld, D., Rufener, C., Perivoliotis, D., Mueser, K., & Aarons, G. A. (2015). Enhancing Assertive Community Treatment with cognitive behavioral social skills training for schizophrenia: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 16, Article 438. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-015-0967-8

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11905

Gregory, N., & Hovey, N. (2005). An evaluation of the Gloucester Assertive Community Treatment team extended working service. Mental Health Practice, 8(10), 37-39. https://doi.org/10.7748/mhp2005.07.8.10.37.c1877

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11907

Habibis, D., Hazelton, M., Schneider, R., Davidson, J., & Bowling, A. (2003). Balancing hospital and community treatment: Effectiveness of an extended-hours community mental health team in a semi-rural region of Australia. The Australian Journal of Rural Health, 11(4), 181-186. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1584.2003.00513.x

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11908

Hamernik, E., & Pakenham, K. I. (1999). Assertive Community Treatment for persons with severe mental disorders: A controlled treatment outcome study. Behaviour Change, 16(4), 259-268. https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.16.4.259

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11909

Hansen, J. P., Østergaard, B., Nordentoft, M., & Hounsgaard, L. (2012). Cognitive adaptation training combined with Assertive Community Treatment: A randomised longitudinal trial. Schizophrenia Research, 135(1-3), 105-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2011.12.014

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11910

Harrison-Read, P., Lucas, B., Tyrer, P., Ray, J., Shipley, K., Simmonds, S., Knapp, M., Lowin, A., Patel, A., & Hickman, M. (2002). Heavy users of acute psychiatric beds: Randomized controlled trial of enhanced community management in an outer London borough. Psychological Medicine, 32(3), 403-416. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291702005305

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11913

Hesse, M., & Pedersen, M. U. (2008). Easy-access services in low-threshold opiate agonist maintenance. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 6(3), 316-324.

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11914

Holloway, F., & Carson, J. (1998). Intensive case management for the severely mentally ill: Controlled trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 172(1), 19-22. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.1.19

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11915

Hornstra, R. K., Bruce-Wolfe, V., Sagduyu, K., & Riffle, D. W. (1993). The effect of intensive case management on hospitalization of patients with schizophrenia. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 44(9), 844-847. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.44.9.844

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11916

Hu, T.-W., & Jerrell, J. M. (1998). Estimating the cost of impact of three case management programmes for treating people with severe mental illness. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 173(S36), 26-32. https://doi.org/10.1192/S0007125000298024

Jerrell, J. M. (1995). Toward managed care for persons with severe mental illness: Implications from a cost-effectiveness study. Health Affairs, 14(3), 197-207. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.14.3.197

Jerrell, J. M. (1999). Skill, symptom, and satisfaction changes in three service models for people with psychiatric disability. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 22(4), 342-348. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0095217

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11918

Inciardi, J. A., Isenberg, H., Lockwood, D., Martin, S. S., & Scarpitti, F. R. (1992). Assertive Community Treatment with a parolee population: An extension of case management. NIDA Research Monograph, 127, 350-367.

Martin, S. S., & Scarpitti, F. R. (1993). An intensive case management approach for paroled IV drug users. Journal of Drug Issues, 23(1), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/002204269302300104

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11919

Isham, L., Grafahrend, H., Nickless, A., Pugh, K., Pleasants, S., Smedley, N., Freeman, D., & Mulligan, A. (2018). Group-based worry intervention for persecutory delusions: An initial feasibility study. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 46(5), 619-625. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465818000383

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11921

Ito, J., Oshima, I., Nishio, M., & Kuno, E. (2009). Initiative to build a community-based mental health system including Assertive Community Treatment for people with severe mental illness in Japan. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 12(3), 247-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487760903066404

Ito, J., Oshima, I., Nishio, M., & Kuno, E. (2015). 'Initiative to build a community-based mental health system including Assertive Community Treatment for people with severe mental illness in Japan': Corrigendum. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 18(3), 302-302. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487768.2015.1081030

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11922

Ito, J., Oshima, I., Nishio, M., Sono, T., Suzuki, Y., Horiuchi, K., Niekawa, N., Ogawa, M., Setoya, Y., Hisanaga, F., Kouda, M., & Tsukada, K. (2011). The effect of Assertive Community Treatment in Japan. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 123(5), 398-401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01636.x

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11925

Jerrell, J. M., & Ridgely, M. S. (1995). Comparative effectiveness of three approaches to serving people with severe mental illness and substance abuse disorders. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 183(9), 566-576. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199509000-00002

Jerrell, J. M. (1996). Toward cost-effective care for persons with dual diagnoses. Journal of Mental Health Administration, 23(3), 329-337. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02522306

Jerrell, J. M., & Hu, T.-W. (1996). Estimating the cost impact of three dual diagnosis treatment programs. Evaluation Review, 20(2), 160-180. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X9602000203

Jerrell, J. M., & Ridgely, M. S. (1999). Impact of robustness of program implementation on outcomes of clients in dual diagnosis programs. Psychiatric Services, 50(1), 109-112. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.50.1.109

Jerrell, J. M., & Ridgely, M. S. (1999). 'Impact of robustness of program implementation on outcomes of clients in dual diagnosis programs': Correction. Psychiatric Services, 50(3), 375.

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11930

Kane, C. F., & Blank, M. B. (2004). NPACT: Enhancing programs of Assertive Community Treatment for the seriously mentally ill. Community Mental Health Journal, 40(6), 549-559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-004-6128-2

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11931

Lambert, M., Bock, T., Schöttle, D., Golks, D., Meister, K., Rietschel, L., Bussopulos, A., Frieling, M., Schödlbauer, M., Burlon, M., Huber, C. G., Ohm, G., Pakrasi, M., Chirazi-Stark, M. S., Naber, D., & Schimmelmann, B. G. (2010). Assertive Community Treatment as part of integrated care versus standard care: A 12-month trial in patients with first- and multiple-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with quetiapine immediate release (ACCESS trial). The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71(10), 1313-1323. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.09m05113yel

Karow, A., Reimer, J., König, H.-H., Heider, D., Bock, T., Huber, C., Schöttle, D., Meister, K., Rietschel, L., Ohm, G., Schulz, H., Naber, D., Schimmelmann, B. G., & Lambert, M. (2012). Cost-effectiveness of 12-month Assertive Community Treatment as part of integrated care versus standard care in patients with schizophrenia treated with quetiapine immediate release (ACCESS Trial). The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 73(3), e402-e408. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.11m06875

Schmidt, S. J., Lange, M., Schöttle, D., Karow, A., Schimmelmann, B. G., & Lambert, M. (2018). Negative symptoms, anxiety, and depression as mechanisms of change of a 12-month trial of Assertive Community Treatment as part of integrated care in patients with first- and multi-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (ACCESS I trial). European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 268(6), 593-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-017-0810-1

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11934

Kim, T.-W., Jeong, J.-H., Kim, Y.-H., Kim, Y., Seo, H.-J., & Hong, S.-C. (2015). Fifteen-month follow up of an Assertive Community Treatment program for chronic patients with mental illness. BMC Health Services Research, 15, Article 388. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-1058-y

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11940

Landis, J. B. (1999). Estimating net effects and costs of service options for persons with serious mental illness. Psychiatric Services, 50(6), 735-738. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.50.6.735

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11941

Langley, J., Gehrs, M., Wasylenki, D., Dewa, C., Rueda, S., & Rourke, S. (2009). Suicidality in seriously mentally ill clients of two intensive community mental health programs. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 28(1), 151-164. https://doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2009-0012

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11942

Lee, C. C., Liem, S. K., Leung, J., Young, V., Wu, K., Wong, K. K., Yuen, S. K., Lee, W. F., Leung, T., Shum, M., Kwong, P., & Lo, W. (2015). From deinstitutionalization to recovery-oriented Assertive Community Treatment in Hong Kong: What we have achieved. Psychiatry Research, 228(3), 243-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.106

Liem, S. K., & Lee, C. C. (2013). Effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment in Hong Kong among patients with frequent hospital admissions. Psychiatric Services, 64(11), 1170-1172. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201200421

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11948

Luo, X., Law, S. F., Wang, X., Shi, J., Zeng, W., Ma, X., Chow, W., Liu, S., Zhao, W., Liu, X., Yao, S., & Phillips, M. R. (2019). Effectiveness of an Assertive Community Treatment program for people with severe schizophrenia in mainland China—a 12-month randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 49(6), 969-979. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001629

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11949

Macias, C., Rodican, C. F., Hargreaves, W. A., Jones, D. R., Barreira, P. J., & Wang, Q. (2006). Supported employment outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of ACT and clubhouse models. Psychiatric Services, 57(10), 1406-1415. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2006.57.10.1406

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11952

Martin, G., Costello, H., Leese, M., Slade, M., Bouras, N., Higgins, S., & Holt, G. (2005). An exploratory study of Assertive Community Treatment for people with intellectual disability and psychiatric disorders: Conceptual, clinical, and service issues. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(7), 516-524. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00709.x

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11955

McBride, T. D., Calsyn, R. J., Morse, G. A., Klinkenberg, W. D., & Allen, G. A. (1998). Duration of homeless spells among severely mentally ill individuals: A survival analysis. Journal of Community Psychology, 26(5), 473-490. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6629(199809)26:5<473::AID-JCOP6>3.0.CO;2-S

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11957

McFarlane, W. R., Dushay, R. A., Stastny, P., Deakins, S. M., & Link, B. (1996). A comparison of two levels of family-aided Assertive Community Treatment. Psychiatric Services, 47(7), 744-750. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.47.7.744

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11961

McHugo, G. J., Bebout, R. R., Harris, M., Cleghorn, S., Herring, G., Xie, H., Becker, D., & Drake, R. E. (2004). A randomized controlled trial of integrated versus parallel housing services for homeless adults with severe mental illness. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 30(4), 969-982. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007146

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11962

McKenna, B., Skipworth, J., Tapsell, R., Madell, D., Pillai, K., Simpson, A., Cavney, J., & Rouse, P. (2015). A prison mental health in‐reach model informed by Assertive Community Treatment principles: Evaluation of its impact on planning during the pre‐release period, community mental health service engagement and reoffending. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 25(5), 429-439. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.1942

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11965

Minghella, E., Gauntlett, N., & Ford, R. (2002). Assertive Outreach: Does it reach expectations? Journal of Mental Health, 11(1), 27-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/096382301200041443

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11966

Monroe-DeVita, M., Morse, G., Mueser, K. T., McHugo, G. J., Xie, H., Hallgren, K. A., Peterson, R., Miller, J., Akiba, C., York, M., Gingerich, S., & Stiles, B. (2018). Implementing illness management and recovery within Assertive Community Treatment: A pilot trial of feasibility and effectiveness. Psychiatric Services, 69(5), 562-571. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201700124

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11970

Morse, G. A., Calsyn, R. J., Allen, G., Tempelhoff, B., & Smith, R. (1992). Experimental comparison of the effects of three treatment programs for homeless mentally ill people. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 43(10), 1005-1010. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.43.10.1005

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11972

Morse, G. A., Calsyn, R. J., Klinkenberg, W. D., Helminiak, T. W., Wolff, N., Drake, R. E., Yonker, R. D., Lama, G., Lemming, M. R., & McCudden, S. (2006). Treating homeless clients with severe mental illness and substance use disorders: Costs and outcomes. Community Mental Health Journal, 42(4), 377-404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-006-9050-y

Morse, G. A., Calsyn, R. J., Klinkenberg, W. D., Cunningham, J., & Lemming, M. R. (2008). Integrated treatment for homeless clients with dual disorders: A quasi-experimental evaluation. Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 4(3), 219-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/15504260802072065

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11973

Morse, G. A., York, M. M., Dell, N., Blanco, J., & Birchmier, C. (2020). Improving outcomes for homeless people with alcohol disorders: A multi-program community-based approach. Journal of Mental Health, 29(6), 684-691. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2017.1340617

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11974

Mowbray, C. T., Collins, M. E., Plum, T. B., Masterton, T., & Mulder, R. (1997). Harbinger I: The development and evaluation of the first PACT replication. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 25(2), 105-123. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1022230803615

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11975

Munetz, M. R., Ritter, C., Teller, J. L. S., & Bonfine, N. (2019). Association between hospitalization and delivery of Assisted Outpatient Treatment with and without Assertive Community Treatment. Psychiatric Services, 70(9), 833-836. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201800375

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11977

Nieves, E. J. (2002). The effectiveness of the Assertive Community Treatment model. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 29(6), 461-480. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020724326260

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11980

Passetti, F., Jones, G., Chawla, K., Boland, B., & Drummond, C. (2008). Pilot study of Assertive Community Treatment methods to engage alcohol-dependent individuals. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 43(4), 451-455. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agn025

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 11983

Pinney, E. L. (1991). Combining approaches to care. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 42(9), 956-957. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.42.9.956

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11985

Prince, J. D. (2006). Practices preventing rehospitalization of individuals with schizophrenia. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 194(6), 397-403. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nmd.0000222407.31613.5d

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11988

Razali, S. M., & Hashim, M. A. (2015). Modified Assertive Community Treatment: Effectiveness on hospitalization and length of stay. Community Mental Health Journal, 51(2), 171-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-014-9757-0

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11990

Rosenheck, R., Neale, M., & Gallup, P. (1993). Community-oriented mental health care: Assessing diversity in clinical practice. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16(4), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0095653

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11992

Rosenheck, R. A., Neale, M. S., & Mohamed, S. (2010). Transition to low intensity case management in a VA Assertive Community Treatment model program. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 33(4), 288-296. https://doi.org/10.2975/33.4.2010.288.296

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11996

Salyers, M. P., McGuire, A. B., Rollins, A. L., Bond, G. R., Mueser, K. T., & Macy, V. R. (2010). Integrating Assertive Community Treatment and illness management and recovery for consumers with severe mental illness. Community Mental Health Journal, 46(4), 319-329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-009-9284-6

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11997

Salyers, M. P., Rollins, A. L., Clendenning, D., McGuire, A. B., & Kim, E. (2011). Impact of illness management and recovery programs on hospital and emergency room use by Medicaid enrollees. Psychiatric Services, 62(5), 509-515. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.62.5.pss6205_0509

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 11999

Sands, R. G., & Cnaan, R. A. (1994). Two modes of case management: Assessing their impact. Community Mental Health Journal, 30(5), 441-457. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02189062

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12001

Schonebaum, A. D., Boyd, J. K., & Dudek, K. J. (2006). A comparison of competitive employment outcomes for the clubhouse and PACT models. Psychiatric Services, 57(10), 1416-1420. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2006.57.10.1416

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12006

Solomon, P., Draine, J., & Meyerson, A. (1994). Jail recidivism and receipt of community mental health services. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 45(8), 793-797. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.45.8.793

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12007

Solomon, P., & Draine, J. (1995). One-year outcomes of a randomized trial of Consumer Case Management. Evaluation and Program Planning, 18(2), 117-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/0149-7189(95)00003-T

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12008

Solomon, P., Draine, J., & Marcus, S. C. (2002). Predicting incarceration of clients of a psychiatric probation and parole service. Psychiatric Services, 53(1), 50-56. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.53.1.50

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12010

Stefancic, A., & Tsemberis, S. (2007). Housing First for long-term shelter dwellers with psychiatric disabilities in a suburban county: A four-year study of housing access and retention. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 28(3-4), 265-279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-007-0093-9

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12011

Stein, L. I., Barry, K. L., Van Dien, G., Hollingsworth, E. J., & Sweeney, J. K. (1999). Work and social support: A comparison of consumers who have achieved stability in ACT and clubhouse programs. Community Mental Health Journal, 35(2), 193-204. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018780916794

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12013

Stobbe, J., Mulder, N. C. L., Roosenschoon, B.-J., Depla, M., & Kroon, H. (2010). Assertive Community Treatment for elderly people with severe mental illness. BMC Psychiatry, 10, Article 84. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-10-84

Stobbe, J., Wierdsma, A. I., Kok, R. M., Kroon, H., Roosenschoon, B.-J., Depla, M., & Mulder, C. L. (2014). The effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment for elderly patients with severe mental illness: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-42

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12014

Suggett, J., Lloyd, C., Meehan, T., & King, R. (2012). Is there a difference? A comparative study of mobile intensive treatment team and continuing care team consumers’ clinical and other characteristics. Advances in Mental Health, 10(3), 292-297. https://doi.org/10.5172/jamh.2012.10.3.292

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12015

Sytema, S., Wunderink, L., Bloemers, W., Roorda, L., & Wiersma, D. (2007). Assertive Community Treatment in the Netherlands: A randomized controlled trial. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 116(2), 105-112. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01021.x

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12016

Sytema, S., Jörg, F., Nieboer, R., & Wunderink, L. (2014). Adding evidence-based interventions to Assertive Community Treatment: A feasibility study. Psychiatric Services, 65(5), 689-692. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201300143

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12017

Craig, T. K. J., Garety, P., Power, P., Rahaman, N., Colbert, S., Fornells-Ambrojo, M., & Dunn, G. (2004). The Lambeth Early Onset (LEO) Team: Randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of specialised care for early psychosis. British Medical Journal, 329, 1067-1070. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38246.594873.7C

Garety, P. A., Craig, T. K. J., Dunn, G., Fornells-Ambrojo, M., Colbert, S., Rahaman, N., Reed, J., & Power, P. (2006). Specialised care for early psychosis: Symptoms, social functioning and patient satisfaction. British Journal of Psychiatry, 188, 37-45. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.104.007286

Tempier, R., Balbuena, L., Garety, P., & Craig, T. J. (2012). Does assertive community outreach improve social support? Results from the Lambeth Study of early-episode psychosis. Psychiatric Services, 63(3), 216-222. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.20110013

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12019

Thoegersen, M. H., Morthorst, B. R., & Nordentoft, M. (2019). Assertive Community Treatment versus standard treatment for severely mentally ill patients in Denmark: A quasi-experimental trial. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 73(2), 149-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2019.1576765

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12022

Valenstein, M., McCarthy, J. F., Ganoczy, D., Bowersox, N. W., Dixon, L. B., Miller, R., Visnic, S., & Slade, E. P. (2013). Assertive Community Treatment in veterans affairs settings: Impact on adherence to antipsychotic medication. Psychiatric Services, 64(5), 445-451. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201100543

This study is ineligible for review because it does not report program or service impacts on an eligible target outcome (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.5).

Study 12024

Van Dorn, R. A., Swanson, J. W., Swartz, M. S., Wilder, C. M., Moser, L. L., Gilbert, A. R., Cislo, A. M., & Robbins, P. C. (2010). Continuing medication and hospitalization outcomes after assisted outpatient treatment in New York. Psychiatric Services, 61(10), 982-987. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2010.61.10.982

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12025

Van Duin, D., Franx, G., Van Wijngaarden, B., Van Der Gaag, M., Van Weeghel, J., Slooff, C., & Wensing, M. (2013). Bridging the science-to-service gap in schizophrenia care in the Netherlands: The Schizophrenia Quality Improvement Collaborative. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 25(6), 626-632. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzt072

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12026

Verhaegh, M. J. M., Bongers, I. M. B., Kroon, H., & Garretsen, H. F. L. (2009). Model fidelity of Assertive Community Treatment for clients with first-episode psychosis: A target group-specific application. Community Mental Health Journal, 45(1), 12-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-008-9168-1

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12028

Walsh, J. (1994). Social support resource outcomes for the clients of two Assertive Community Treatment teams. Research on Social Work Practice, 4(4), 448-463. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973159400400403

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12030

Wiley-Exley, E., Domino, M. E., Ricketts, T. C., Cuddeback, G., Burns, B. J., & Morrissey, J. (2013). The impact of Assertive Community Treatment on utilization of primary care and other outpatient health services: The North Carolina experience. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 19(4), 195-204. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390313494170

This study is ineligible for review because it does not report program or service impacts on an eligible target outcome (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.5).

Study 12032

Wingerson, D., & Ries, R. K. (1999). Assertive Community Treatment for patients with chronic and severe mental illness who abuse drugs. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 31(1), 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.1999.10471721

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12033

Wolff, N., Helminiak, T. W., Morse, G. A., Calsyn, R. J., Klinkenberg, W. D., & Trusty, M. L. (1997). Cost-effectiveness evaluation of three approaches to case management for homeless mentally ill clients. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 154(3), 341-348. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.154.3.341

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12034

Wood, K., & Anderson, J. (1995). The effect on hospital admissions of psychiatric case management involving general practitioners: Preliminary results. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 29(2), 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048679509075914

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12037

Yanos, P. T., & Robilotta, S. A. (2011). An examination of time-use among adults diagnosed with severe mental illnesses using daily interviews. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 34(3), 243-247. https://doi.org/10.2975/34.3.2011.243.247

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12038

Zavradashvili, N., Donisi, V., Grigoletti, L., Pertile, R., Gelashvili, K., Eliashvili, M., & Amaddeo, F. (2010). Is the implementation of Assertive Community Treatment in a low-income country feasible? The experience of Tbilisi, Georgia. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 45(8), 779-783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-009-0125-2

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12039

Zhao, W., Law, S., Luo, X., Chow, W., Zhang, J., Zhu, Y., Liu, S., Ma, X., Yao, S., & Wang, X. (2015). First adaptation of a family-based ACT model in mainland China: A pilot project. Psychiatric Services, 66(4), 438-441. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201400087

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12040

Zulman, D. M., Pal Chee, C., Ezeji-Okoye, S. C., Shaw, J. G., Holmes, T. H., Kahn, J. S., & Asch, S. M. (2017). Effect of an intensive outpatient program to augment primary care for high-need veterans affairs patients: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine, 177(2), 166-175. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.8021

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12041

Rosenheck, R. A., Lam, J., Morrissey, J. P., Calloway, M. O., Stolar, M., & Randolph, F. (2002). Service systems integration and outcomes for mentally ill homeless persons in the ACCESS program. Psychiatric Services, 53(8), 958-966. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.53.8.958

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12042

Schöttle, D., Ruppelt, F., Schimmelmann, B. G., Karow, A., Bussopulos, A., Gallinat, J., Wiedemann, K., Luedecke, D., Rohenkohl, A. C., Huber, C. G., Bock, T., & Lambert, M. (2019). Reduction of involuntary admissions in patients with severe psychotic disorders treated in the ACCESS integrated care model including therapeutic Assertive Community Treatment. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10, Article 736. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00736

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12052

Bertelsen, M., Jeppesen, P., Petersen, L., Thorup, A., Øhlenschlaeger, J., le Quach, P., Christensen, T. Ø., Krarup, G., Jørgensen, P., & Nordentoft, M. (2008). Five-year follow-up of a randomized multicenter trial of intensive early intervention vs standard treatment for patients with a first episode of psychotic illness: The OPUS trial. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65(7), 762-771. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.65.7.762

Jørgensen, P., Nordentoft, M., Abel, M. B., Gouliaev, G., Jeppesen, P., & Kassow, P. (2000). Early detection and Assertive Community Treatment of young psychotics: The Opus Study rationale and design of the trial. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 35(7), 283-287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001270050240

Jeppesen, P., Petersen, L., Thorup, A., Abel, M.-B., Oehlenschlaeger, J., Christensen, T. Ø., Krarup, G., Hemmingsen, R., Jørgensen, P., & Nordentoft, M. (2005). Integrated treatment of first-episode psychosis: Effect of treatment on family burden: OPUS trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(s48), s85-s90. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.187.48.s85

Petersen, L., Jeppesen, P., Thorup, A., Abel, M.-B., Øhlenschlaeger, J., Christensen, T. Ø., Krarup, G., Jørgensen, P., & Nordentoft, M. (2005). A randomised multicentre trial of integrated versus standard treatment for patients with a first episode of psychotic illness. BMJ, 331(7517), 602-608. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38565.415000.E01

Thorup, A., Petersen, L., Jeppesen, P., Ohlenschlaeger, J., Christensen, T., Krarup, G., Jørgensen, P., & Nordentoft, M. (2005). Integrated treatment ameliorates negative symptoms in first episode psychosis—results from the Danish OPUS trial. Schizophrenia Research, 79(1), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2004.12.020

Petersen, L., Jeppesen, P., Thorup, A., Ohlenschlaeger, J., Krarup, G., Ostergård, T., Jørgensen, P., & Nordentoft, M. (2007). Substance abuse and first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. The Danish OPUS trial. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 1(1), 88-96. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7893.2007.00015.x

Hastrup, L. H., Kronborg, C., Bertelsen, M., Jeppesen, P., Jorgensen, P., Petersen, L., Thorup, A., Simonsen, E., & Nordentoft, M. (2013). Cost-effectiveness of early intervention in first-episode psychosis: Economic evaluation of a randomised controlled trial (the OPUS study). The British Journal of Psychiatry, 202(1), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112300

Madsen, T., Karstoft, K.-I., Secher, R. G., Austin, S. F., & Nordentoft, M. (2016). Trajectories of suicidal ideation in patients with first-episode psychosis: Secondary analysis of data from the OPUS trial. The Lancet, 3(5), 443-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00518-0

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12055

Albert, N., Melau, M., Jensen, H., Emborg, C., Jepsen, J. R. M., Fagerlund, B., Gluud, C., Mors, O., Hjorthøj, C., & Nordentoft, M. (2017). Five years of specialised early intervention versus two years of specialised early intervention followed by three years of standard treatment for patients with a first episode psychosis: Randomised, superiority, parallel group trial in Denmark (OPUS II). BMJ, 356(8088), Article i6681. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i6681

Melau, M., Jeppesen, P., Thorup, A., Bertelsen, M., Petersen, L., Gluud, C., Krarup, G., & Nordentoft, M. (2011). The effect of five years versus two years of specialised assertive intervention for first episode psychosis—OPUS II: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 12, Article 72. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-12-72

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12057

Oliver, P. C., Piachaud, J., Tyrer, P., Regan, A., Dack, M., Alexander, R., Bakala, A., Cooray, S., Done, D. J., & Rao, B. (2005). Randomized controlled trial of Assertive Community Treatment in intellectual disability: The TACTILD study. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(7), 507-515. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00706.x

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12061

Test, M. A., Wallisch, L. S., Allness, D. J., & Ripp, K. (1989). Substance use in young adults with schizophrenic disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 15(3), 465-476. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/15.3.465

Angell, B., & Test, M. A. (2002). The relationship of clinical factors and environmental opportunities to social functioning in young adults with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 28(2), 259-271. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006936

This study is ineligible for review because the publication date is prior to 1990 (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.1).

Study 12062

Doré-Gauthier, V., Miron, J.-P., Jutras-Aswad, D., Ouellet-Plamondon, C., & Abdel-Baki, A. (2020). Specialized Assertive Community Treatment intervention for homeless youth with first episode psychosis and substance use disorder: A 2-year follow-up study. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 14(2), 203-210. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12846

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12063

Audini, B., Marks, I. M., Lawrence, R. E., Connolly, J., & Watts, V. (1994). Home-based versus out-patient/in-patient care for people with serious mental illness. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 165(2), 204-210. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.165.2.204

This study is ineligible for review because it does not use an eligible study design (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.4).

Study 12064

Chandler, D., Meisel, J., Hu, T. W., McGowen, M., & Madison, K. (1996). Client outcomes in a three-year controlled study of an integrated service agency model. Psychiatric Services. 47(12), 1337-1343. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1176/ps.47.12.1337

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12065

Korr, W. S., & Joseph, A. (1996). Housing the homeless mentally ill: Findings from Chicago. Journal of Social Service Research, 21(1), 53-68. https://doi.org/10.1300/J079v21n01_04

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12066

Rosenheck, R., Neale, M., Leaf, P., Milstein, R., & Frisman, L. K. (1995). Multisite experimental cost study of intensive psychiatric community care. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 21(1), 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/21.1.129

This study is ineligible for review because it does not report program or service impacts on an eligible target outcome (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.5).

Study 12067

Solomon, P., & Draine, J. (1995). One-year outcomes of a randomized trial of case management with seriously mentally ill clients leaving jail. Evaluation Review, 19(3), 256-273. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X9501900302

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).

Study 12068

Killaspy, H., Bebbington, P., Blizard, R., Johnson, S., Nolan, F., Pilling, S., & King, M. (2006). The REACT study: Randomised Evaluation of Assertive Community Treatment in North London. BMJ, 332(7545), 815-820. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.38773.518322.7C

Killaspy, H., Kingett, S., Bebbington, P., Blizard, R., Johnson, S., Nolan, F., Pilling, S., & King, M. (2009). Randomised Evaluation of Assertive Community Treatment: 3-year outcomes. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 195(1), 81-82. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.108.059303

McCrone, P., Killaspy, H., Bebbington, P., Johnson, S., Nolan, F., Pilling, S., & King, M. (2009). The REACT study: Cost-effectiveness analysis of Assertive Community Treatment in North London. Psychiatric Services, 60(7), 908-913. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.60.7.908

Killaspy, H., Mas-Expósito, L., Marston, L., & King, M. (2014). Ten year outcomes of participants in the REACT (Randomised Evaluation of Assertive Community Treatment in North London) study. BMC Psychiatry, 14, Article 296. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0296-6

This study is ineligible for review because it is not a study of the program or service under review (Study Eligibility Criterion 4.1.6).